This room and the next, the Tapestry Room are the first additions to the original house made by the Duke of Bedford, who owned Penshurst Place in the 15th century.

These rooms are known, rather confusingly as the Buckingham building, after the Stafford Dukes of Buckingham, who owned the estate late 15th and early 16th century.

It was built as one large room, a first floor Hall or Great Chamber. The room would have looked much as the Baron's Hall downstairs, but smaller and without a central hearth. During Tudor times the room was divided into two and also halved in height by the insertion of the present ceiling and the building of another set of rooms above. Queen Elizabeth I would have used this room to give audience on her many visits to Penshurst.